تدوین مدل علّی سازگاری زناشویی بر اساس سبک‌های دلبستگی، تمایزیافتگی خود و احساس انسجام روانی با نقش میانجی انتظارات زناشویی

راضیه اسماعیل دخت; نادره سهرابی شگفتی; سوسن سهامی; سیامک سامانی

Authors

Razieh Esmaeeldokht Department of Psychology, Marv.C., lslamic Azad University, Marvdasht, Iran Author https://orcid.org/0009-0004-4661-2181
Nadere Sohrabi Shegefti Department of Psychology, Marv.C., Islamic Azad University, Marvdasht, Iran Corresponding author https://orcid.org/0009-0004-6254-967X
Sousan Sahami Department of Sociology, Marv.C., Islamic Azad University, Marvdasht, Iran Author https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6151-3315
Siamak Samani Department of Psychology, Shi.C., Islamic Azad University, Shiraz, Iran Author https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6945-6263

Keywords:

marital adjustment, attachment styles, self‑differentiation, sense of psychological coherence, marital expectations

Abstract

This study aimed to develop and test a causal model of marital adjustment based on attachment styles, self-differentiation, and sense of psychological coherence, with marital expectations as a mediator among married women in Shiraz, Iran. This applied study employed a descriptive–correlational design based on structural equation modeling. The statistical population comprised all married women residing in the 11 municipal districts of Shiraz in autumn 2024. Using multistage cluster random sampling, 342 women were selected. Data were collected using Spanier’s Dyadic Adjustment Scale, Omidvar’s Marital Expectations Questionnaire, the Hazan and Shaver Adult Attachment Questionnaire, Drake’s Self-Differentiation Scale, and Antonovsky’s Sense of Coherence Scale. Data analysis was conducted using SPSS version 27 and SmartPLS version 3.2.8. Partial least squares structural equation modeling and bootstrapping procedures were applied to assess the measurement model, direct paths, indirect effects, and overall model fit. Secure attachment, self-differentiation, and sense of psychological coherence had positive and significant direct effects on both marital expectations and marital adjustment, whereas avoidant attachment had negative and significant effects on both variables. The direct effects of anxious attachment on marital expectations and marital adjustment were not significant. Marital expectations positively predicted marital adjustment (β=0.470, p<0.001). Moreover, marital expectations significantly mediated the relationships of secure attachment (β=0.138, p<0.001), avoidant attachment (β=-0.067, p=0.006), self-differentiation (β=0.111, p<0.001), and sense of psychological coherence (β=0.073, p=0.001) with marital adjustment. However, the indirect effect of anxious attachment was not significant. The model explained 34.6% of the variance in marital expectations and 55.9% of the variance in marital adjustment. The goodness-of-fit indices supported the adequacy of the proposed structural model. Marital expectations represent a central psychological mechanism through which attachment-related characteristics and individual psychological resources influence marital adjustment. Interventions aimed at developing realistic and constructive marital expectations, strengthening secure attachment, improving self-differentiation, and enhancing psychological coherence may therefore contribute to more effective clinical and preventive programs for couples.

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